Journal
ANNALS OF BOTANY
Volume 111, Issue 2, Pages 261-270Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcs247
Keywords
Bud size; current-year stem; Quercus faginea; Quercus ilex subsp; ballota; temperature; summer growth
Categories
Funding
- MAEC-AECID
- ARAID
- Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion
- FEDER [CGL2008-04847-C02-01, CGL2010-16880 BOS, CGL2011-26654 BOS]
- Globimed network
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In trees, bud development is driven by endogenous and exogenous factors such as species and climate, respectively. However, knowledge is scarce on how these factors drive changes in bud size across different time scales. The seasonal patterns of apical bud enlargement are related to primary and secondary growth in two coexisting Mediterranean oaks with contrasting leaf habit (Quercus ilex, evergreen; Quercus faginea, deciduous) over three years. In addition, the climatic factors driving changes in bud size of the two oak species were determined by correlating bud mass with climatic variables at different time scales (from 5 to 30 d) over a 15-year period. The maximum enlargement rate of buds was reached between late July and mid-August in both species. Moreover, apical bud size increased with minimum air temperatures during the period of maximum bud enlargement rates. The forecasted rising minimum air temperatures predicted by climatic models may affect bud size and consequently alter crown architecture differentially in sympatric Mediterranean oaks. However, the involvement of several drivers controlling the final size of buds makes it difficult to predict the changes in bud size as related to ongoing climate warming.
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