Journal
REVIEW OF WORLD ECONOMICS
Volume 142, Issue 3, Pages 476-495Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s10290-006-0077-5
Keywords
globalization; vertical and horizontal intra-industry trade; product quality
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The world has witnessed a dramatic increase in trade over the last forty years. Much of this growth in trade is intra-industry in nature. A relatively recent development in the intra-industry trade (IIT) literature is the measurement of the simultaneous import and export of quality-differentiated products, commonly known as vertical and horizontal IIT. In this paper we compare the Greenaway, Hine and Milner (1994) and Fontagne and Freudenberg (1997) approaches to disentangling vertical and horizontal intra-industry trade and examine some of the implications of employing simple ratios to define the boundary between product quality types. We present a complementary approach based on the traditional Grubel and Lloyd (GL) index and demonstrate with numerical examples its versatility and applicability at the product level.
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