Journal
EXPERT REVIEW OF VACCINES
Volume 5, Issue 5, Pages 717-732Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
DOI: 10.1586/14760584.5.5.717
Keywords
adeno-assosiated virus; adenovirus; canarypox virus; cancer; clinical trials; dendritic cells; fowlpox virus; immunotherapy; lentivirus; onco-retrovirus; vaccinia virus
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The immune system uses a process known as 'immunosurveillance' to help prevent the outgrowth of tumors. In cancer immunotherapy, a major goal is for immunity against tumor-associated antigens to be generated or strengthened in patients. To achieve this goal, several approaches have been tested, including the use of highly potent antigen-presenting cells called dendritic cells (DCs), which can activate T cells efficiently. Presentation of peptides derived from tumor antigens on the surface of DCs can stimulate strong antitumor immunity. Using recombinant viral vectors encoding tumor-associated antigens, DCs can be engineered efficiently to express sustained levels of tumor-antigen peptides. This review discusses the effectiveness of virally transduced DCs in treating tumors and generating antigen-specific T-cell responses. It covers mouse and nonhuman primate studies, preclinical in vitro human cell experiments and clinical trials.
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