Jet impingement cooling of a horizontal surface in a confined porous medium: Mixed convection regime

In the present article the jet impingement cooling of heated portion of a horizontal surface immersed in a fluid saturated porous media is considered for investigation numerically. The jet direction is considered to be perpendicular from the top to the horizontal heated element; therefore, the external flow and the buoyancy driven flow are in opposite directions. The governing parameters in the present problem are Rayleigh number, Peclet number, jet width and the distance between the jet and the heated portion normalized to the length of the heated element. The results are presented in the mixed convection regime with wide ranges of the governing parameters with the limitation of the Darcy model. It is found for high values of Peclet number that increasing either Rayleigh number or jet width lead to increase the average Nusselt number. Narrowing the distance between the jet and the heated portion could increase the average Nusselt number as well. No steady-state solution can be found in some cases; when the external jet flow and the flow due to buoyancy are in conflict for domination. The results from the unsteady governing equations in these cases show oscillation of the average Nusselt number along the heated element with the time without reaching steady state. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.