Journal
CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY
Volume 121, Issue 1, Pages 13-18Publisher
ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2006.04.574
Keywords
ICOS; T cells; B cells; follicular T helper cells; autoimmunity; allergy; asthma; polymorphisms; humoral immunity
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Funding
- NIAID NIH HHS [AI50180, AI056352] Funding Source: Medline
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The Inducible Costimulator molecule (ICOS), a member of the CD28 family of costimulatory molecules, was identified in 1999 as a molecule expressed primarily on activated human T cells. Induced upon activation, ICOS appears to be an ideal target for modifying T-cell-mediated immune responses. ICOS was also found to be highly expressed on germinal center T cells, suggesting that ICOS was involved in T-B cell interactions. While ICOS has subsequently been shown to be important for both Th1 and Th2 cell activation and effector function, a central role for ICOS in the generation and maintenance of humoral immunity is emerging. In this review, we summarize the evidence that the level of ICOS expression regulates T-cell-dependent B cell responses and propose a model for the rote of ICOS in diseases characterized by dysregulated humoral immunity. (c) 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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