Complications of total shoulder arthroplasty

Total shoulder arthroplasty can be associated with a multitude of complications, the most common of which include prosthetic loosening, glenohumeral instability, periprosthetic fracture, rotator cuff tears, infection, neural injury, and deltoid muscle dysfunction. Glenoid component loosening has continued to be an unresolved problem. Recent advances in glenoid component design and fixation and alternatives such as biologic resurfacing with meniscal allograft tissue have demonstrated satisfactory short to mid-term results. The reverse shoulder prosthesis has shown promising short-term results for the treatment of glenohumeral arthritis and massive rotator cuff tears and as a salvage procedure following failure of unconstrained total shoulder arthroplasty.