Journal
BRAIN RESEARCH
Volume 1116, Issue -, Pages 12-18Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2006.07.120
Keywords
astrocyte; tumor necrosis factor-alpha; NGF; GDNF
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The neurotrophic factors, nerve growth factor (NGF) and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), are produced by astrocytes, and are induced by inflammatory stimuli including bacterial lipopolysaccharide and pro-inflammatory cytokines. In this study, we examined the regulatory mechanisms of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha)-induced production of neurotrophic factors. We show here that cultured astrocytes express both TNF-alpha receptor 1 (TNFR1) and TNFR2, and that activation of these receptors by TNF-alpha promotes expression of both NGF and GDNF. In addition, we observe that not only exogenous TNF-alpha but also TNF-alpha produced by astrocytes induce NGF and GDNF production in astrocytes. These results suggest that an autocrine loop involving TNF-alpha contributes to the production of neurotrophic factors in response to inflammation. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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