Encapsulation-free hybrid organic-inorganic light-emitting diodes

The authors have fabricated encapsulation-free hybrid organic inorganic light-emitting diodes (HOILEDs), with improved air stability performance by incorporating two different metal oxide layers. One metal oxide layer is a titanium dioxide layer that provides the electron-injection layer, and the other is a molybdenum oxide that injects holes. While our HOILED device exhibits a lower threshold voltage and a higher air stability than conventional devices using a Ca/Al cathode, a similar luminance output was observed. (c) 2006 American Institute of Physics.