Microfluidic biochip for blood cell lysis

Based on micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) technology, a sandwich flow microfluidic biochip for blood cell lysis was designed and fabricated. Cell solution was sandwiched in between chemical reagent solution, and both were introduced into biochip. Then the two solutions were flowing through the microchannel of the biochip. Finally, cells lysis was brought about by full blend of cell solution and chemical reagent solution during continuous flow. Rat blood with anticoagulant was cell sample, while guanidine and Triton X-100 were used as the lysing reagent, respectively, and the effects of the two reagents on cell lysis were compared. The effects of cell concentration and flow rate on cell lysis were analyzed by using guanidine as the lysing reagent. Blood cells can be lysed in a few minutes when the flow rate of lysing reagent was faster than the flow rate of cell sample so much. Blood cells can be rapid lysed in microfluidic biochip when the flow rates of lysing reagent and cell sample were increased simultaneously with above proportion. The sandwich-type microfluidic biochip for cell lysis potentially integrated with the biochip for cell separation and the biochip for deoxyribonucleic acid extraction could enable complete pretreatment of complex biologic samples, which can lay the foundation for realization of miniaturized total analysis system.