TNF alpha affects the expression of GFAP and S100B: implications for Alzheimer's disease

Neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease are characterized by increased intracellular and extracellular concentrations of the astrocytic proteins glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and S100B. The present study examined the potential contribution of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) to these changes by measuring astrocyte viability along with the intracellular and extracellular expression of GFAP and S100B following exposure to this cytokine. Although TNF alpha did not affect astrocyte viability, the extracellular levels of both proteins were increased three-fold with associated reductions in immunocytochemical labeling.