A cohesive law for carbon nanotube/polymer interfaces based on the van der Waals force

We have established the cohesive law for interfaces between a carbon nanotube (CNT) and polymer that are not well bonded and are characterized by the van der Waals force. The tensile cohesive strength and cohesive energy are given in terms of the area density of carbon nanotube and volume density of polymer, as well as the parameters in the van der Waals force. For a CNT in an infinite polymer, the shear cohesive stress vanishes, and the tensile cohesive stress depends only on the opening displacement. For a CNT in a finite polymer matrix, the tensile cohesive stress remains the same, but the shear cohesive stress depends on both opening and sliding displacements, i.e., the tension/shear coupling. The simple, analytical expressions of the cohesive law are useful to study the interaction between CNT and polymer, such as in CNT-reinforced composites. The effect of polymer surface roughness on the cohesive law is also studied. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.