Journal
ADVANCES IN WATER RESOURCES
Volume 29, Issue 11, Pages 1634-1649Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.advwatres.2005.12.002
Keywords
open channel flow; secondary flow; velocity distribution; stream function; bedforms; roughness
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Secondary motions are commonly present in open channel flows. This study aims to investigate, both experimentally and analytically, time-mean characteristics of cellular secondary flows generated by longitudinal bedforms. Experiments were conducted in a tilting, rectangular flume with six different longitudinal bedforms, including alternate bed strips with different roughness heights and bed ridges of wavy and rectangular shapes. Various flows were sampled using a two-dimensional laser Doppler anemometer (LDA) and a one-dimensional ultrasonic Doppler velocimeter (UDV). Experimental results demonstrate secondary flows appearing basically in cellular fashion over the modeled longitudinal bedforms. It is also shown that the cellular structures can be described analytically with kinematic considerations. The discrepancies between theoretical and measurement results are discussed. An empirical relationship between maximum vertical velocity and bed configuration is finally proposed based on the experimental data. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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