Journal
NATURE CLINICAL PRACTICE ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
Volume 2, Issue 11, Pages 621-631Publisher
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/ncpendmet0323
Keywords
11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase; downregulation; glucocorticoid receptor; glucocorticoids; metabolic syndrome
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Glucocorticoids exert their effects in target tissues predominantly through their interaction with the glucocorticoid receptor, a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily of transcription factors. Over the years many studies have linked hormone responsiveness, both in vitro and in vivo, to the levels of both glucocorticoid and glucocorticoid receptor; furthermore, an impact of glucocorticoid receptor subcellular trafficking on hormone response has been revealed. This review will focus on the molecular mechanisms responsible for the regulation of glucocorticoid receptor trafficking and expression, and will highlight work that revealed selective physiological effects of altered glucocorticoid receptor expression. The role of alterations in glucocorticoid levels and glucocorticoid receptor function in the metabolic syndrome will also be discussed.
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