Journal
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES
Volume 1758, Issue 12, Pages 1893-1901Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2006.06.025
Keywords
neutral sphingomyelinase; nSMase2; ceramide; apoptosis
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Funding
- NIGMS NIH HHS [GM43825] Funding Source: Medline
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There is strong evidence indicating a role for ceramide as a second messenger in processes such as apoptosis, cell growth and differentiation, and cellular responses to stress. Ceramide formation from the hydrolysis of sphingomyelin is considered to be a major pathway of stress-induced ceramide production with magnesium-dependent neutral sphingomyelinase (N-SMase) identified as a prime candidate in this pathway. The recent cloning of a mammalian N-Wase-nWase2- and generation of nSMase2 knockout/mutant mice have now provided vital tools with which to further study the regulation and roles of this enzyme in both a physiological and pathological context. In the present review, we summarize current knowledge on N-SMase relating this to what is known about nSMase2. We also discuss the future areas of nSMase2 research important for molecular understanding of this enzyme and its physiological roles. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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