Journal
SEMINARS IN IMMUNOLOGY
Volume 18, Issue 6, Pages 375-386Publisher
ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2006.07.009
Keywords
norovirus; FUT2; secretor; histo-blood group antigen; gastroenteritis
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Noroviruses have emerged as a major cause of acute gastroenteritis in humans of all ages. Despite high infectivity of the virus and lack of long-term immunity, volunteer and authentic studies has suggested the existence of inherited protective factors. Recent studies have shown that histo-blood group antigens (HBGAs) and in particular secretor status controlled by the alpha 1,2fucosyltransferase FUT2 gene determine susceptibility to norovirus infections, with nonsecretors (FUT2-/-), representing 20% of Europeans, being highly resistant to symptomatic infections with major strains of norovirus. Moreover, the capsid protein from distinct strains shows different HBGA specificities, suggesting a host-pathogen co-evolution driven by carbohydrate-protein interactions. (C) 2006 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
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