Size of sentinel node metastases predicts other nodal disease and survival in malignant melanoma

Background: A positive sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy is an indication for completion lymph node dissection (CLND) in malignant melanoma; however, most CLNDs are negative. We hypothesized SLN metastatic size of <= 2 mm would predict CLND status and prognosis. Methods: We evaluated 80 consecutive patients undergoing CLND for positive SLNs over a 10-year period. Incidence of positive nonsentinel nodes and survival were compared for patients with SLN metastases <= 2 mm and > 2 mm. Results: Of 504 patients undergoing SLN biopsy, 49 patients had SLN deposits <= 2 mill and a 6% incidence of positive CLNDs. Five-year survival was 85%, essentially the same as negative SLN biopsies. In contrast, 31 had SLN metastases > 2 nim, a 45% incidence of addition disease at CLND, and 5-year survival of 47% (P < .0001). Conclusion: An SLN metastatic cut point of 2 mm is an efficient predictor of CLND status and survival in malignant melanoma. (c) 2006 Excerpta Medica Inc. All rights reserved.