Journal
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR MEDICINE-JMM
Volume 84, Issue 12, Pages 997-1003Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s00109-006-0109-6
Keywords
antioxidants; cardiovascular diseases; endothelium; smooth muscle; signal transduction
Funding
- NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-62826, HL-64839] Funding Source: Medline
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The thioredoxin (TRX) system (TRX, TRX reductase, and NADPH) is a ubiquitous thiol oxidoreductase system that regulates cellular reduction/oxidation (redox) status. The impairment of cell redox state alters multiple cell pathways, which may contribute to the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disorders including hypertension, atherosclerosis, and heart failure. In this manuscript, we review the essential roles that TRX plays by limiting oxidative stress directly via antioxidant effects and indirectly by protein-protein interactions with key signaling molecules such as thioredoxin interacting protein (TXNlP). TRX and its endogenous regulators may represent important future targets to develop clinical therapies for diseases associated with oxidative stress.
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