Journal
MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES
Volume 343, Issue -, Pages 123-130Publisher
INTER-RESEARCH
DOI: 10.3354/meps06937
Keywords
sea fan coral; Gorgonia ventalina; water quality; aspergillosis; disease; nitrogen; delta N-15
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It has been hypothesized that excess nitrogen (N) contributes to coral reef decline by exacerbating the impact of disease. We tested the relationship between N concentration and the prevalence and severity of aspergillosis of the sea fan coral Gorgonia ventalina at 9 reefs along the Florida Keys Reef Tract. Quarterly water quality data, averaged over 1 and 4 yr prior to a disease survey, were used to examine whether aspergillosis dynamics reflected short- or long-term N concentrations. A positive relationship was detected between prevalence of aspergillosis and long-term total nitrogen (TN) concentration; in contrast, disease severity was positively related to the ratio between dissolved inorganic nitrogen and total phosphate (DIN:TP) over both short- and long-terms. These results may reflect the differential influence of N on the host and pathogen. We also tested whether N isotope analysis (delta N-15) of sea fan coral tissue and skeleton could be used to assess the relative exposure to anthropogenic N inputs and its impact on disease. There was no relationship between delta N-15 and aspergillosis (either prevalence or severity). Furthermore, there was no relationship between delta N-15 and environmental concentrations of N. It is possible that the source of N (e.g. anthropogenic) does not affect the dynamics of sea fan aspergillosis, or that the delta N-15 signatures were suppressed by agricultural effluents and other N sources, thus confounding our analyses with disease.
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