Journal
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
Volume 90, Issue 2, Pages 638-640Publisher
BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
DOI: 10.1111/j.1551-2916.2006.01419.x
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The compositions of the grains and the grain boundaries in CaCu3Ti4O12 (CCTO) have been characterized by a high-resolution field emission transmission electron microscope equipped with a high-angle annular-dark-field detector and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The excess ions and their clusters at grain boundaries led to the observed strain contrast. These ions are further clarified as Cu ions by Z-contrast (Z: atomic number) image and EDS. The quantitative EDS analyses further indicate that the grain boundaries of CCTO are Cu rich and the grains are Cu deficient. The Ca- or Ti-rich amorphous phases were observed at corners or edges of the grains of CCTO.
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