Journal
TRENDS IN MOLECULAR MEDICINE
Volume 13, Issue 2, Pages 72-81Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2006.12.003
Keywords
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Funding
- NCI NIH HHS [R01CA098234] Funding Source: Medline
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During ontogenesis, haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) relocate between extra-embryonic. and embryonic compartments. Similarly, site-specific homing of HSCs is ongoing during adulthood. With the expanding knowledge of HSC physiology, a new paradigm emerges in which HSCs and haematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs) migrate to defined microenvironments within the bone marrow (BM) and to 'activated' or 'inducible' niches elsewhere. Here, we summarize current understanding of HSC niche characteristics, and the physiological and pathological mechanisms that guide HSC homing both within the BM and to distant niches in the periphery, promoting new vessel growth in tumours and ischaemia. Recent observations suggest that features of the HSC niche might also be recapitulated in pre-metastatic sites. Clusters of BM-derived HPCs promote invasion of disseminating cancer cells. Clear clinical benefits can be foreseen by modulating HSCs and their microenvironments, in promoting tissue regeneration, and inhibiting turnourigenesis and cancer metastasis.
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