Journal
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
Volume 57, Issue 39, Pages 12661-12665Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/anie.201804844
Keywords
C-H functionalization; hydrogen-atom transfer; hydrogen chloride; photocatalysis; stop-flow microtubing reactors
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Funding
- National University of Singapore
- Ministry of Education (MOE) of Singapore [R-143-000-665-114, R-143-000-696-114, R-143-000-A30-112]
- GSK-EDB [R-143-000-687-592]
- A*STAR RIE2020 AME [R-143-000-690-305]
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Chlorine radical, which is classically generated by the homolysis of Cl-2 under UV irradiation, can abstract a hydrogen atom from an unactivated C(sp(3))-H bond. We herein demonstrate the use of HCl as an effective hydrogen-atom-transfer catalyst precursor activated by an organic acridinium photoredox catalyst under visible-light irradiation for C-H alkylation and allylation. The key to success relied on the utilization of microtubing reactors to maintain the volatile HCl catalyst. This photomediated chlorine-based C-H activation protocol is effective for a variety of unactivated C(sp(3))-H bond patterns, even with primary C(sp(3))-H bonds, as in ethane. The merit of this strategy is illustrated by rapid access to several pharmaceutical drugs from abundant unfunctionalized alkane feedstocks.
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