Journal
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
Volume 53, Issue 14, Pages 3675-3679Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/anie.201400358
Keywords
electrocatalysis; fuel cells; iron carbides; nonprecious metal catalysts; oxygen reduction reaction
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Funding
- Danish National Research Foundation (Procon)
- Danish ForskEL (Catbooster)
- Danish Council for Strategic Research (4M Centre)
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [21011130027]
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Nonprecious metal catalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction are the ultimate materials and the foremost subject for low-temperature fuel cells. A novel type of catalysts prepared by high-pressure pyrolysis is reported. The catalyst is featured by hollow spherical morphologies consisting of uniform iron carbide (Fe3C) nanoparticles encased by graphitic layers, with little surface nitrogen or metallic functionalities. In acidic media the outer graphitic layers stabilize the carbide nanoparticles without depriving them of their catalytic activity towards the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). As a result the catalyst is highly active and stable in both acid and alkaline electrolytes. The synthetic approach, the carbide-based catalyst, the structure of the catalysts, and the proposed mechanism open new avenues for the development of ORR catalysts.
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