Journal
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
Volume 53, Issue 44, Pages 11872-11875Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/anie.201408359
Keywords
biomass; catalysis; kinetics; solvent effects; sustainable chemistry
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Funding
- U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences
- DOE Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center
- U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, through the Cooperative Agreement BER [DE-FC02-07ER64494]
- Glucan Biorenewables, LLC
- Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK)
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Reaction kinetics were studied to quantify the effects of polar aprotic organic solvents on the acid-catalyzed conversion of xylose into furfural. A solvent of particular importance is g-valerolactone (GVL), which leads to significant increases in reaction rates compared to water in addition to increased product selectivity. GVL has similar effects on the kinetics for the dehydration of 1,2-propanediol to propanal and for the hydrolysis of cellobiose to glucose. Based on results obtained for homogeneous Bronsted acid catalysts that span a range of pKa values, we suggest that an aprotic organic solvent affects the reaction kinetics by changing the stabilization of the acidic proton relative to the protonated transition state. This same behavior is displayed by strong solid Bronsted acid catalysts, such as H-mordenite and H-beta.
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