Journal
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
Volume 27, Issue 6, Pages 1434-1444Publisher
SOC NEUROSCIENCE
DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4956-06.2007
Keywords
cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor; proliferation; DNA damage; apoptosis; development; inner ear
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Funding
- NCI NIH HHS [CA-71907, CA-90832] Funding Source: Medline
- NIDCD NIH HHS [DC-007173, R01 DC007173] Funding Source: Medline
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Sensory hair cells of the auditory organ are generated during embryogenesis and remain postmitotic throughout life. Previous work has shown that inactivation of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor (CKI) p19(Ink4d) leads to progressive hearing loss attributable to inappropriate DNA replication and subsequent apoptosis of hair cells. Here we show the synergistic action of another CKI, p21(Cip1), on cell cycle reactivation. The codeletion of p19(Ink4d) and p21(Cip1) triggered profuse S-phase entry of auditory hair cells during a restricted period in early postnatal life, leading to the transient appearance of supernumerary hair cells. In addition, we show that aberrant cell cycle reentry leads to activation of a DNA damage response pathway in these cells, followed by p53-mediated apoptosis. The majority of hair cells were absent in adult cochleas. These data, together with the demonstration of changing expression patterns of multiple CKIs in auditory hair cells during the stages of early postnatal maturation, show that the maintenance of the postmitotic state is an active, tissue-specific process, cooperatively regulated by several CKIs, and is critical for the lifelong survival of these sensory cells.
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