Journal
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
Volume 366, Issue 3, Pages 954-964Publisher
ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2006.11.066
Keywords
cryptochromes; DNA photolyases; antenna chromophores; FAD; MTHF
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Cryptochromes are almost ubiquitous blue-light receptors and act in several species as central components of the circadian clock. Despite being evolutionary and structurally related with DNA photolyases, a class of light-driven DNA-repair enzymes, and having similar cofactor compositions, cryptochromes lack DNA-repair activity. Cryptochrome 3 from the plant Arabidopsis thaliana belongs to the DASH-type subfamily. Its crystal structure determined at 1.9 angstrom resolution shows cryptochrome 3 in a dimeric state with the antenna cofactor 5,10-methenyltetrahydrofolate (MTHF) bound in a distance of 15.2 angstrom to the U-shaped FAD chromophore. Spectroscopic studies on a mutant where a residue crucial for MTHF-binding, E149, was replaced by site-directed mutagenesis demonstrate that MTHF acts in cryptochrome 3 as a functional antenna for the photoreduction of FAD. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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