Journal
ONCOGENE
Volume 26, Issue 12, Pages 1714-1722Publisher
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1209988
Keywords
tumor suppressor gene; osteosarcoma; polycomb gene; polyhomeotic-like; cell cycle regulation
Funding
- NCI NIH HHS [R01 CA074802-03, CA074802, R01 CA074802-04] Funding Source: Medline
- NIAMS NIH HHS [AR049940, R01 AR049940-01A1, R01 AR049940-04, R01 AR049940-02, R01 AR049940, R01 AR049940-03, R01 AR049940-05] Funding Source: Medline
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Polyhomeotic-like 3 (PHC3) is a ubiquitously expressed member of the polycomb gene family and part of the human polycomb complex hPRC-H. We found that in normal cells PHC3 associated with both hPRC-H complex components and with the transcription factor E2F6. In differentiating and confluent cells, PHC3 and E2F6 showed nuclear colocalization in a punctate pattern that resembled the binding of polycomb bodies to heterochromatin. This punctate pattern was not seen in proliferating cells suggesting that PHC3 may be part of an E2F6-polycomb complex that has been shown to occupy and silence target promoters in G(0). Previous loss of heterozygosity (LoH) analyses had shown that the region containing PHC3 underwent frequent LoH in primary human osteosarcoma tumors. When we examined normal bone and human osteosarcoma tumors, we found loss of PHC3 expression in 36 of 56 osteosarcoma tumors. Sequence analysis revealed that PHC3 was mutated in nine of 15 primary osteosarcoma tumors. These findings suggest that loss of PHC3 may favor tumorigenesis by potentially disrupting the ability of cells to remain in G(0).
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