Food deserts, oases, or mirages? Small markets and community food security in the San Francisco bay area

In light of claims that many low-income urban neighborhoods are food deserts, this article reports on pilot research to assess whether and how small, full-service food retailers contribute to urban food security. It demonstrates that such stores meet many of the criteria for community food security by providing a wide variety of relatively low-cost foods. At the same tirre, their geographic unevenness, tendency to target particular ethnic clicrucles, and inability to address affordability in an absolute sense place some caveats on the conclusions and suggest the need for more fine-grained research regarding how the unique economic development ' neighbor- histories and cultural politics of hoods affect food availability