Journal
APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY
Volume 61, Issue 3, Pages 283-292Publisher
SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
DOI: 10.1366/000370207780220868
Keywords
attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy; ATR-FT-IR spectroscopy; quartz crystal microbalance; deliquescence; water uptake; salts
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In this study, attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FT-IR) spectroscopy is used to investigate water uptake and phase transitions for atmospherically relevant particles. Changes in the ATR-FT-IR spectra of NaCl, NH4NO3, (NH4)(2)SO4, Ca(NO3)(2), and SiO2 as a function of relative humidity (RH) are presented and discussed. For these various particles, water can (1) become adsorbed on the particle surface; and/or (2) become absorbed in the particle structure to form a hydrate salt; and/or (3) become absorbed by the particle to form a liquid solution. Spectral features and analyses that distinguish these various processes are discussed. For the salts that do undergo a solid to liquid phase transition (deliquescence), excellent agreement is found between the measurements made here with ATR-FT-IR spectroscopy, a relatively simple, inexpensive, and readily available analytical tool, compared to more expensive, elaborate aerosol flow reactor systems using tandem differential mobility analyzers. In addition, for particles that adsorb water, we show here the utility of coupling ATR-FT-IR measurements with simultaneous quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) measurements. This coupling allows for the quantification of the amount of water associated with the particle as a function of relative humidity (f(RH)) along with the spectroscopic data.
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