Journal
TOXICON
Volume 49, Issue 4, Pages 550-560Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2006.11.029
Keywords
sea anemone; voltage-gated sodium channel; insecticide; toxin; site 3; ATX-II
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Funding
- Intramural NIH HHS [Z99 NS999999] Funding Source: Medline
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Sea anemones produce a myriad of toxic peptides and proteins of which a large group acts on voltage-gated Na+ channels. However, in comparison to other organisms, their venoms and toxins are poorly studied. Most of the known voltage-gated Na+ channel toxins isolated from sea anemone venoms act on neurotoxin receptor site 3 and inhibit the inactivation of these channels. Furthermore, it seems that most of these toxins have a distinct preference for crustaceans. Given the close evolutionary relationship between crustaceans and insects, it is not surprising that sea anemone toxins also profoundly affect insect voltage-gated Na+ channels, which constitutes the scope of this review. For this reason, these peptides can be considered as insecticidal lead compounds in the development of insecticides. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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