Journal
JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
Volume 178, Issue 6, Pages 3786-3796Publisher
AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS
DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.178.6.3786
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IL-17 is a cytokine that induces neutrophil-mediated inflammation, but its role in protective immunity against intracellular bacterial infection remains unclear. In the present. study; we demonstrate that IL-17 is an important cytokine not only in the early neutrophil-mediated inflammatory response, but also in T cell-mediated IFN-gamma production and granuloma formation in response to pulmonary infection by Mycobacterium bovis bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG). IL-17 expression in the BCG-infected lung was detected from the first day after infection and the expression depended on IL-23. Our observations indicated that gamma delta T cells are a primary source of IL-17. Lung-infiltrating T cells of IL-17-deficient mice produced less IFN-gamma in comparison to those from wild-type mice 4 wk after BCG infection. Impaired granuloma formation was also observed in the infected lungs of IL-17-deficient mice, which is consistent with the decreased delayed-type hypersensitivity response of the infected mice against mycobacterial Ag. These data suggest that IL-17 is an important cytokine in the induction of optimal Th1 response and protective immunity against mycobacterial infection.
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