Journal
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
Volume 34, Issue 6, Pages -Publisher
AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
DOI: 10.1029/2006GL029021
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Lake Superior summer ( July - September) surface water temperatures have increased approximately 2.5 degrees C over the interval 1979 - 2006, equivalent to a rate of ( 11 +/- 6) x 10(-2) degrees C yr(-1), significantly in excess of regional atmospheric warming. This discrepancy is caused by declining winter ice cover, which is causing the onset of the positively stratified season to occur earlier at a rate of roughly a half day per year. An earlier start of the stratified season significantly increases the period over which the lake warms during the summer months, leading to a stronger trend in mean summer temperatures than would be expected from changes in summer air temperature alone.
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