Journal
CHEMBIOCHEM
Volume 8, Issue 5, Pages 553-559Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/cbic.200700003
Keywords
C-laurdan; fluorescent probes; lipid rafts; membranes; two-photon microscopy; vesicles
Funding
- National Research Foundation of Korea [2006-03792] Funding Source: Korea Institute of Science & Technology Information (KISTI), National Science & Technology Information Service (NTIS)
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The lipid-rafts hypothesis proposes that naturally occurring lipid aggregates exist in the plane of membrane that are involved in signal transduction, protein sorting, and membrane transport. To understand their roles in cell biology, a direct visualization of such domains in living cells is essential. For this purpose, 6-dodeconoyl-2-(dimethylamino)naphthalene (laurdan), a membrane probe that is sensitive to the polarity of the membrane, has often been used. We have synthesized and characterized 6-dodeconoyl-2-[N-methyl-N-(carboxymethyi)amino]nophtholene (C-lourdan), which has the advantages of greater sensitivity to the membrane polarity, a brighter two-photon fluorescence image, and reflecting the cell environment more accurately than laurdan. Lipid rafts can be visualized by two-photon microscopy by using C-lourdan as a probe. Our results show that the lipid rafts cover 38% of the cell surface.
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