Magnetizing oxides by substituting nitrogen for oxygen

We describe a possible pathway to new magnetic materials with no conventional magnetic elements present. The substitution of nitrogen for oxygen in simple nonmagnetic oxides leads to holes in N 2p states which form local magnetic moments. Because of the very large Hund's rule coupling of Nitrogen and O 2p electrons and the rather extended spatial extent of the wave functions these materials are predicted to be ferromagnetic metals or small band gap insulators. Experimental studies support the theoretical calculations with regard to the basic electronic structure and the formation of local magnetic moments. It remains to be seen if these materials are magnetically ordered and, if so, below what temperature.