Journal
ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY
Volume 14, Issue 4, Pages 413-417Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2006.09.014
Keywords
biodiesel; continuous process; ultrasound; ultrasonic flow reactor
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A bench scale continuous process for the manufacture of biodiesel from neat vegetable oils under high power low frequency ultrasonic irradiation was investigated. The experimental studies explored variations in alcohol-oil stoichiometry and type of oil. Important parameters such as residence time and reaction volume were considered. The highest conversion was achieved when short residence time was employed. The transesterification under ultrasonic irradiation is mainly influenced by the residence time in the reactor and alcohol-oil molar ratio. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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