Journal
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
Volume 27, Issue 21, Pages 5593-5602Publisher
SOC NEUROSCIENCE
DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.5297-06.2007
Keywords
microstimulation; brain-machine interface; primate; somatosensory; discrimination; neuroprosthetics
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Funding
- NINDS NIH HHS [R01 NS040543, NS40543] Funding Source: Medline
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Both humans and animals can discriminate signals delivered to sensory areas of their brains using electrical microstimulation. This opens the possibility of creating an artificial sensory channel that could be implemented in neuroprosthetic devices. Although microstimulation delivered through multiple implanted electrodes could be beneficial for this purpose, appropriate microstimulation protocols have not been developed. Here, we report a series of experiments in which owl monkeys performed reaching movements guided by spatiotemporal patterns of cortical microstimulation delivered to primary somatosensory cortex through chronically implanted multi-electrode arrays. The monkeys learned to discriminate microstimulation patterns, and their ability to learn new patterns and new behavioral rules improved during several months of testing. Significantly, information was conveyed to the brain through the interplay of microstimulation patterns delivered to multiple electrodes and the temporal order in which these electrodes were stimulated. This suggests multichannel microstimulation as a viable means of sensorizing neural prostheses.
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