Journal
ELECTROANALYSIS
Volume 19, Issue 12, Pages 1239-1257Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/elan.200603855
Keywords
impedance biosensor; affinity biosensor; electrochemical impedance spectroscopy; label-free immunosensor
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Impedance biosensors are a class of electrical biosensors that show promise for point-of-care and other applications due to low cost, ease of miniaturization, and label-free operation. Unlabeled DNA and protein targets can be detected by monitoring changes in surface impedance when a target molecule binds to an immobilized probe. The affinity capture step leads to challenges shared by all label-free affinity biosensors; these challenges are discussed along with others unique to impedance readout. Various possible mechanisms for impedance change upon target binding are discussed. We critically summarize accomplishments of past label-free impedance biosensors and identify areas for future research.
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