Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
Volume 16, Issue 3, Pages 5572-5589Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/ijms16035572
Keywords
-
Funding
- Ministry of Science and Technology [NSC 102-2320-B-039-051-MY3, NSC 102-2320-B-039-026-MY3, NSC 103-2811-B-039-021]
- China Medical University [CMU100-ASIA-5]
- Asia University [102-asia-10]
- CMU under the Aim for Top University Plan of the Ministry of Education, Taiwan
- Taiwan Ministry of Health and Welfare Clinical Trial and Research Center of Excellence [MOHW104-TDU-B-212-113002]
Ask authors/readers for more resources
Microglial activation has been widely demonstrated to mediate inflammatory processes that are crucial in several neurodegenerative disorders. Pharmaceuticals that can deliver direct inhibitory effects on microglia are therefore considered as a potential strategy to counter balance neurodegenerative progression. Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), a natural phenol in honeybee propolis, is known to possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-microbial properties. Accordingly, the current study intended to probe the effects of CAPE on microglia activation by using in vitro and in vivo models. Western blot and Griess reaction assay revealed CAPE significantly inhibited the expressions of inducible nitric oxide synthase (NOS), cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 and the production of nitric oxide (NO). Administration of CAPE resulted in increased expressions of hemeoxygenase (HO)-1and erythropoietin (EPO) in microglia. The phosphorylated adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-alpha was further found to regulate the anti-inflammatory effects of caffeic acid. In vivo results from immunohistochemistry along with rotarod test also revealed the anti-neuroinflammatory effects of CAPE in microglia activation. The current study has evidenced several possible molecular determinants, AMPK alpha, EPO, and HO-1, in mediating anti-neuroinflammatory responses in microglial cells.
Authors
I am an author on this paper
Click your name to claim this paper and add it to your profile.
Reviews
Recommended
No Data Available