Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
Volume 17, Issue 1, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/ijms17010003
Keywords
apoptosis; B cells; T cells; hnRNP proteins; immune tolerance; pre-mRNA alternative splicing
Funding
- Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation [4-2006-1025]
- Diabetes Research Foundation of Western Australia
- Ministry of National Education, Republic of Turkey
- NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE [R03CA180548, R01CA133470] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- National Center for Complementary & Integrative Health [R21AT008291] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES [P42ES023720] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
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Alternative splicing of pre-mRNA helps to enhance the genetic diversity within mammalian cells by increasing the number of protein isoforms that can be generated from one gene product. This provides a great deal of flexibility to the host cell to alter protein function, but when dysregulation in splicing occurs this can have important impact on health and disease. Alternative splicing is widely used in the mammalian immune system to control the development and function of antigen specific lymphocytes. In this review we will examine the splicing of pre-mRNAs yielding key proteins in the immune system that regulate apoptosis, lymphocyte differentiation, activation and homeostasis, and discuss how defects in splicing can contribute to diseases. We will describe how disruption to trans-acting factors, such as heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (hnRNPs), can impact on cell survival and differentiation in the immune system.
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