Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
Volume 16, Issue 5, Pages 11034-11054Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/ijms160511034
Keywords
bidentate NS ligands; crystal structure analysis; hydrogen bonding; cytotoxic activity; DNA binding
Funding
- Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM)
- Malaysian Government under the Research University Grant Scheme (RUGS) [9419400]
- Malaysian Fundamental Research Grant Scheme (FRGS) [01-02-13-1344FR]
- Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation (MOSTI) [06-01-04-SF1810]
- UPM
- High Impact Research MoE from the Ministry of Higher Education Malaysia [UM.C/625/1/HIR/MoE/SC/12]
- University of Malaya
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Two bidentate NS ligands were synthesized by the condensation reaction of S-2-methylbenzyldithiocarbazate (S2MBDTC) with 2-methoxybenzaldehyde (2MB) and 3-methoxybenzaldehyde (3MB). The ligands were reacted separately with acetates of Cu(II), Ni(II) and Zn(II) yielding 1:2 (metal:ligand) complexes. The metal complexes formed were expected to have a general formula of [M(NS)(2)] where M = Cu2+, Ni2+, and Zn2+. These compounds were characterized by elemental analysis, molar conductivity, magnetic susceptibility and various spectroscopic techniques. The magnetic susceptibility measurements and spectral results supported the predicted coordination geometry in which the Schiff bases behaved as bidentate NS donor ligands coordinating via the azomethine nitrogen and thiolate sulfur. The molecular structures of the isomeric S2M2MBH (1) and S2M3MBH (2) were established by X-ray crystallography to have very similar l-shaped structures. The Schiff bases and their metal complexes were evaluated for their biological activities against estrogen receptor-positive (MCF-7) and estrogen receptor-negative (MDA-MB-231) breast cancer cell lines. Only the Cu(II) complexes showed marked cytotoxicity against the cancer cell lines. Both Schiff bases and other metal complexes were found to be inactive. In concordance with the cytotoxicity studies, the DNA binding studies indicated that Cu(II) complexes have a strong DNA binding affinity.
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