4.8 Article

Open Carbon Nanopipettes as Resistive-Pulse Sensors, Rectification Sensors, and Electrochemical Nanoprobes

Journal

ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
Volume 86, Issue 18, Pages 8897-8901

Publisher

AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/ac5022908

Keywords

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Funding

  1. National Science Foundation [CHE-0957313, CHE-1300158]
  2. AFOSR MURI [FA9550-14-1-0003]
  3. National Science Foundation of China [21173023]
  4. National 111 Project of China [B07012]
  5. Drexel University
  6. Direct For Mathematical & Physical Scien
  7. Division Of Chemistry [1300158] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
  8. Division Of Chemistry
  9. Direct For Mathematical & Physical Scien [0957313] Funding Source: National Science Foundation

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Nanometer-sized glass and quartz pipettes have been widely used as a core of chemical sensors, patch clamps, and scanning probe microscope tips. Many of those applications require the control of the surface charge and chemical state of the inner pipette wall. Both objectives can be attained by coating the inner wall of a quartz pipette with a nanometer-thick layer of carbon. In this letter, we demonstrate the possibility of using open carbon nanopipettes (CNP) produced by chemical vapor deposition as resistive-pulse sensors, rectification sensors, and electrochemical nanoprobes. By applying a potential to the carbon layer, one can change the surface charge and electrical double-layer at the pipette wall, which, in turn, affect the ion current rectification and adsorption/desorption processes essential for resistive-pulse sensors. CNPs can also be used as versatile electrochemical probes such as asymmetric bipolar nanoelectrodes and dual electrodes based on simultaneous recording of the ion current through the pipette and the current produced by oxidation/reduction of molecules at the carbon nanoring.

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