Journal
AUTOPHAGY
Volume 3, Issue 4, Pages 354-356Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
DOI: 10.4161/auto.4114
Keywords
autophagy; plasmacytoid dendritic cell; toll-like receptor; type I interferons; virus infection
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Funding
- NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI081884] Funding Source: Medline
- NIBIB NIH HHS [R01 EB000487] Funding Source: Medline
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Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) detect viruses in the acidified endosomes via Toll-like receptors (TLRs) upon endocytosis of virions. Yet, pDC responses to certain single-stranded RNA viruses occur only following live viral infection. In our recent study, we presented evidence that the recognition of such viruses by TLR7 requires autophagy. We speculate that the requirement for autophagy in viral recognition reflects the necessity for transportation of cytosolic viral replication intermediates into the lysosome where TLR7 is activated. In addition, autophagy was found to be required for ADCs to produce type I interferon (IFN) in response to both ssRNA and dsDNA viruses. These results indicated that autophagy plays a key role in mediating virus detection and IFNa secretion in pDCs, and suggest that cytosolic replication intermediates of ssRNA viruses serve as pathogen signatures recognized by TLR7.
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