Composition, Antimycotic and antibacterial activity of Ziziphora clinopodioides Lam. essential oil from Iran

The essential oil components of Ziziphora clinopodioides Lam. from Iran were isolated via hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC-MS. Twenty seven components were identified in the essential oil of the plant. The main compounds consisted of pulegone (44.5%), terpineol (14.5%) methyl acetate (10.9%), iso-neomenthol (7.1%) and 1, 8-cineole (4.1%). Antifungal and antimicrobial acitivities of different concentrations of the essential oil of Ziziphora clinopodioides Lam. was also evaluated. The antifungal tests were conducted by a poisoned food technique against the filamentous fungi(Aspergillus niger, Trichophylon rubrum, Trichoderma reesei and Microsporum gypseum). Antimicrobial tests were carried out against four Grain negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhi and Klebsiella pneumonia) and one Gram positive pathogen (Staphyloccocus aureus) using a microdilution assay. The essential oil was found to be fungicidal at >= 1 mu l/ml against T. rubrum and M. gypseum. The minimum inhibitory concentration of the oil against Escherichia coli, Staphyloccocus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhi and Klebsiella pneumonia were found to be 0.003, 0.033, 0.033, 0.067 and 0.067% (v/v) respectively.