Journal
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY
Volume 18, Issue 7, Pages 2028-2031Publisher
AMER SOC NEPHROLOGY
DOI: 10.1681/ASN.2006111302
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Funding
- NCRR NIH HHS [M01 RR000051] Funding Source: Medline
- NIDDK NIH HHS [P01 DK19928] Funding Source: Medline
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Edematous patients with renal sodium and water retention, particularly cardiac failure and cirrhosis, have been suggested to have a decreased effective blood volume. This enigmatic and undefined term was coined because edematous patients were found to have increased, rather than the earlier proposed decreased, blood volumes. This article discusses the advances that have occurred in understanding the pathophysiology of edema as occurs in conditions such as cardiac failure, cirrhosis, and pregnancy. The regulatory mechanisms that lead to increased sodium and water retention by the normal kidney are related to arterial underfilling, as a result of a decrease in cardiac output, arterial vasodilation, or both.
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