Journal
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
Volume 37, Issue 7, Pages 1836-1844Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/eji.200636689
Keywords
glycolipids invariant; TCR NKT cell; rodents Th1/Th2
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We have demonstrated that analogues of alpha-mannosyl ceramide (alpha-ManCer) consisting of a series of immunosuppressive 2-aminoalcohol derivatives in place of sphingosine promote a greater immune response from mouse invariant V alpha 19-J alpha 26 (AV19-AJ33) TCR-bearing NKT (V alpha 19 NKT) cells than alpha-ManCer itself. To further characterize the immune responses of V alpha 19 NKT cells to the alpha-ManCer analogues, cytokine production by the cells was examined in detail. We found that certain alpha-ManCer derivatives individually induced either Th1- or Th2-dominant cytokine production in culture. The Th1- or Th2-biased immune responses of V alpha 19 NKT cells were dependent on MHC class I-like MR1, since they were induced by coculture with the MR1 transfectants previously loaded with the glycolipids and were inhibited in the presence of anti-MR1 antiserum. Presumably, the recognition of the alpha-mannosyl residue of the alpha-ManCer analogues by the invariant TCR is individually modulated, depending on the altered interaction with the groove of the antigen-presenting MR1. Priming of the V alpha 19 invariant TCR-transgenic mice in vivo with these glycolipid derivatives resulted in the induction of the Th1- or Th2-biased immune responses. Thus, these alpha-ManCer derivatives are likely to be useful in immunotherapy for either Th1 or Th2 excess autoimmune diseases, modulating the function of V alpha 19 NKT cells.
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