Journal
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY
Volume 101, Issue 4, Pages 851-861Publisher
WILEY-LISS
DOI: 10.1002/jcb.21149
Keywords
TGF-beta; transforming growth factor beta; tumor microenvironment; cancer; carcinoma; stromal-epithelial interactions
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The activated form of TGF-beta is a known regulator of epithelial cell autonomous tumor initiation, progression, and metastasis. Recent Studies have also indicated that TGF-beta mediates interactions between cancer cells and their local tumor microenvironment. Specifically, the loss of TGF-beta signaling in stromal components including fibroblasts and T-cells can result in an activated microenvironment that supports and even initiates transformation of adjacent epithelial cells. TGF-beta signaling in cancer can be regulated through mechanisms involving ligand activation and expression of essential components within the pathway including the receptors and downstream effectors. TGF-beta signaling in the tumor microenvironment significantly impacts carcinoma initiation, progression, and metastasis via epithelial cell autonomous and interdependent stromal-epithelial interactions in vivo.
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