Spontaneous symmetry breaking and quantum Hall effect in graphene

In this article we briefly review recent experimental and theoretical work oil quantum Hall effect in graphene, and argue that some of the quantum Hall states exhibit spontaneous symmetry breaking that is driven by electron-electron interaction. We will also discuss how to experimentally determine the actual manner in which symmetry breaking occurs, and detect the collective charge and neutral excitations associated with symmetry breaking. Other issues will also be briefly mentioned. Published by Elsevier Ltd.