Journal
ANNALS OF ONCOLOGY
Volume 18, Issue 8, Pages 1307-1313Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdm009
Keywords
antiangiogenic therapies; carcinoid tumors; EGFR inhibitors; mTOR inhibitors; neuroendocrine tumors; targeted drug therapy
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The traditional cytotoxic agents are of limited efficacy in the treatment of neuroendocrine tumors of the gastrointestinal tract (NETS). Recent investigations have brought up a number of biological features in this family of neoplasms that could represent targets for anticancer treatment. NETS seem to have an extraordinary tumor vascularization with high expression of proangiogenic molecules such as the vascular endothelial growth factor along with overexpression of certain tyrosine kinase receptors such as the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), the insulin growth factor receptor (IGFR) and their downstream signaling pathway components (PI3K-AKT-mTOR). The rationale of an antiangiogenic approach in the treatment of NETS and the use of other pharmacological strategies such as EGFR, IGFR and mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors are discussed. Additionally, the emerging results of recent clinical trials with these targeted drugs are presented.
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