Journal
ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
Volume 406, Issue 27, Pages 6885-6902Publisher
SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
DOI: 10.1007/s00216-014-7888-3
Keywords
Graphene; DNA; Biosensors; Adsorption; Fluorescence
Funding
- NSERC of Canada
- Ontario Ministry of Research and Innovation
- University of Waterloo
- Foundation for Shenghua Scholar
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [81301258, 21301195]
- Postdoctoral Science Foundation of Central South University and Hunan province [124896]
- China Postdoctoral Science Foundation [2013M540644]
- Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China [13JJ4029]
- International Postdoctoral Exchange Fellowship Program [[2014]29]
- Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China [20130162120078]
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In the past few years, graphene oxide (GO) has emerged as a unique platform for developing DNA-based biosensors, given the DNA adsorption and fluorescence-quenching properties of GO. Adsorbed DNA probes can be desorbed from the GO surface in the presence of target analytes, producing a fluorescence signal. In addition to this initial design, many other strategies have been reported, including the use of aptamers, molecular beacons, and DNAzymes as probes, label-free detection, utilization of the intrinsic fluorescence of GO, and the application of covalently linked DNA probes. The potential applications of DNA-functionalized GO range from environmental monitoring and cell imaging to biomedical diagnosis. In this review, we first summarize the fundamental surface interactions between DNA and GO and the related fluorescence-quenching mechanism. Following that, the various sensor design strategies are critically compared. Problems that must be overcome before this technology can reach its full potential are described, and a few future directions are also discussed.
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