Journal
PROGRESS IN POLYMER SCIENCE
Volume 32, Issue 8-9, Pages 1054-1082Publisher
PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2007.05.014
Keywords
nanomedicine; bioimaging; neurodegenerative disorders; magnetic resonance spectroscopy; polymer chemistry; blood-brain barrier
Categories
Funding
- NCI NIH HHS [R01 CA116591-01A1, R01 CA116591-04, R01 CA089225, R01 CA116591-03, R01 CA089225-07, R01 CA089225-06, R01 CA116591-02, R01 CA089225-05, R01 CA116591] Funding Source: Medline
- NCRR NIH HHS [P20 RR015635] Funding Source: Medline
- NINDS NIH HHS [R01 NS051334, R01 NS051334-02, R01 NS036229-04, R01 NS036229-09, R01 NS036229-08, R37 NS036126, U54 NS043011, P01 NS031492, R01 NS036229-05A2, R01 NS051334-01A1, R01 NS034239, R01 NS036229-06, P01 NS043985, R01 NS036229-07, R01 NS036229, R01 NS051334-03, R01 NS036229-03] Funding Source: Medline
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Neurodegenerative and infectious disorders including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and stroke are rapidly increasing as population's age. Alzheimer's disease alone currently affects 4.5 million Americans, and more than $100 billion is spent per year on medical and institutional care for affected people. Such numbers will double in the ensuing decades. Currently disease diagnosis for all disorders is made, in large measure, on clinical grounds as laboratory and neuroimaging tests confirm what is seen by more routine examination. Achieving early diagnosis would enable improved disease outcomes. Drugs, vaccines or regenerative proteins present real possibilities for positively affecting disease outcomes, but are limited in that their entry into the brain is commonly restricted across the blood-brain barrier. This review highlights how these obstacles can be overcome by polymer science and nanotechnology. Such approaches may improve diagnostic and therapeutic outcomes. New developments in polymer science coupled with cell-based delivery strategies support the notion that diseases that now have limited therapeutic options can show improved outcomes by advances in nanomedicine. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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