Journal
MEMORIAS DO INSTITUTO OSWALDO CRUZ
Volume 102, Issue 5, Pages 635-637Publisher
FUNDACO OSWALDO CRUZ
DOI: 10.1590/S0074-02762007005000070
Keywords
Cretaceous; sand fly larvae; trypanosomatids
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Early Cretaceous flagellates with characters typical of trypanosomatids were found in the gut of sand fly larvae, as well as in surrounding debris, in Burmese amber. This discovery supports a hypothesis in which free-living trypanosomatids could have been acquired by sand fly larvae in their feeding environment and then carried transtadially into the adult stage. At some point in time, specific genera were introduced into vertebrates, thus establishing a dixenous life cycle.
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